Social Psychology Archives

Pragma

Love Attitudes Scale / emotion, Emotions, love attitudes, positive emotions, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 4 minutes of reading

Pragma comes from the Ancient Greek term πρᾶγμα, meaning ‘businesslike‘, from which terms like pragmatic are derived. Pragma is the most practical type of love, not necessarily derived from true romantic love. Instead, pragma is a convenient type of love. Pragmatic lovers have a notion of being of service, which they perceive to be rational and realistic. While they may be sincere about being useful themselves, it also translates to having expectations of a partner and of the relationship. They tend to select and reject partners based on what they perceive as desirable, compatible traits.

Pragmatic lovers want to find value in their partners and ultimately want to work with their partners to reach a common goal. The practicality and realism of practical love often contribute to the relationship’s longevity as long as common goals and values remain shared. The emphasis within pragmatic relationships is on earning, affordability, child care, and home service. The attitude of a pragmatic relationship can become disdainful and toxic if one partner sees the other as a burden.

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Ludus

Love Attitudes Scale / emotion, Emotions, love, love attitudes, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 5 minutes of reading

Ludus means “game” or “school” in Latin. The term is often used to describe those who see love as a desire to have fun, do indoor and outdoor activities, tease, indulge, and play harmless pranks on each other. The acquisition of love and attention itself may be part of the game.

Ludic lovers want to have as much fun as possible. When they are not seeking a stable relationship, they rarely or never become overly involved with one partner and often can have more than one partner at a time; in other words, a school of partners. They do not reveal their true thoughts and feelings to their partner(s).

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Self-defeating humor

Humor Styles Questionnaire / Humor, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 3 minutes of reading

Putting yourself down in an aggressive or “poor me” fashion is called self-defeating humor. The late comedian Rodney Dangerfield would be an example (“I don’t get no respect” “I was an ugly baby”). Psychologically, this can be an unhealthy form of humor, and is sometimes used by targets of bullies to try to avoid attacks—making oneself the butt of jokes before others put you down.

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Aggressive humor

Humor Styles Questionnaire / Humor, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 3 minutes of reading

This involves put-downs or insults targeted toward individuals. This is the humor that is used by more aggressive comedians—the put-down artists, such as Don Rickles or the late Joan Rivers. When it is intended to threaten or psychologically harm others, it is the type of humor used by bullies. While some of the audience to this type of humor will find it funny, others might laugh to cover up a feeling of discomfort.

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Self-enhancing humor

Humor Styles Questionnaire / Humor, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 3 minutes of reading

This is being able to laugh at yourself, such as making a joke when something bad has happened to you. Trying to find the humor in everyday situations, and making yourself the target of the humor in a good-natured way. It is related to healthy coping with stress. Jon Stewart from the Daily Show often uses self-enhancing humor by saying things such as, “Maybe I just don’t understand,” or “I’m not the brightest guy.”

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Affiliative humor

Humor Styles Questionnaire / Humor, Psychological assessment, Social Psychology / 3 minutes of reading

This involves telling jokes about things that everyone might find funny. The goal is to use humor to bring people together to find the humor in everyday life.
The goal is to create a sense of fellowship, happiness, and well-being. If you are fond of jokes about animals or everyday occurrences, then you are using affiliative humor.

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The Key Principles of Jerome Bruner’s Constructivist Theory

Human Development / Childhood, Cognitive Psychology, Education, Parenting, Social Psychology, Stage Theories / 9 minutes of reading

The American psychologist Jerome S. Bruner, strongly influenced by the work of Russian psychologist Lev Vygostky, further developed and applied his ideas in the field of education. Bruner declared that Vygotsky has convinced him about the impossibility of understanding the concept of human development in any other way than as a process of assistance, of collaboration between child and adult, where the adult is taking up the role of a sociocultural mediator. Due to its distinct features, we consider the theory to be a sociocultural constructivist one.

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Exploring The Social Genetic Model of Cognitive Development

Human Development / Childhood, Culture, Parenting, Social Psychology / 5 minutes of reading

During the 1970′, at Geneva, a new perspective on cognitive development has begun to emerge. The self-defined school of socio-genetical psychology advanced theories that represented a challenge addressed to the spirit of genetical epistemology.

Willem Doise, Gabriel Mugny and Jean Claude Deschamp, to name but a few of the representatives, declare that social interactions constitute the privileged setting which gives birth to the intellectual acquisitions of the child. There is a direct cause and effect link between social interaction and individual cognitive development.

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The Psychology Behind Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Learning & Motivation / Humanism, Self-esteem, Social Psychology / 10 minutes of reading

Abraham H. Maslow felt as though conditioning theories did not adequately capture the complexity of human behavior. In a 1943 paper called A Theory of Human Motivation, Maslow presented the idea that human actions are directed toward goal attainment. Any given behavior could satisfy several functions at the same time; for instance, going to a bar could satisfy one’s needs for self-esteem and for social interaction. His theory later became known as the human hierarchy of needs.

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The Importance of Albert Bandura’s Concept of Self-efficacy in Achieving Success

Learning & Motivation / Education, Self-esteem, Social Psychology / 12 minutes of reading

Albert Bandura’s concept of Self-efficacy, or confidence as it is commonly known, is one of the most enabling psychology models to have been adopted into positive psychology.

Self-efficacy is an individual’s optimistic belief in their innate ability, competence or chances of succesfully accomplishing a task and producing a favorable outcome.

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